Dab tsi yog Kev Siv Sodium Naphthalene Sulfonate Formaldehyde Condensate hauv Pob Zeb?

Dab tsi yog kev siv sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate hauv pob zeb?

Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm naphthalene siab npaum dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog naphthalene sulphonate, uas tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog cov cement hais los tsim cov dej-soluble compounds. Cov tebchaw no ua kom cov dej txo qis hauv ob txoj hauv kev: ib qho yog los tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov cement hais kom txo cov adsorption quab yuam ntawm cov khoom, yog li txo qhov nro ntawm cov cement colloid thiab txhim kho cov khoom tawg ntawm cov cement; Lwm qhov yog txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration ntawm cov cement hais thaum lub sij hawm cement hydration cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab txo cov sab hauv thiab sab nraud interfacial quab yuam uas ua rau txo qis dej-cement piv.

 

Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev hauv Suav teb tau pib lig, thaum xyoo 1940s, Tuam Tshoj thawj zaug qhia cov khoom ntxiv rau hauv kev tsim cov cement thiab pob zeb. 1975, Lu Zhang, Tsinghua University, tau ua tiav kev npaj cov tshuaj naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev NF, thiab tib lub sijhawm, kev tshawb fawb tob txog cov txheej txheem ntawm naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev. Qhov kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev muaj qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov pob zeb sib xyaw hauv Suav teb. Tam sim no, dej txo tus neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov pob zeb, txhim kho kev yooj yim ntawm kev tsim kho thiab txo kev siv cov peev txheej, tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, yog li nws tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cement thiab pob zeb, thiab feem ntau hu ua qhov thib tsib. feem ntawm cov cement thiab pob zeb hauv kev lag luam no. Naphthalene dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas tam sim no tau lees paub tias yog cov dej txo qis tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam, thiab cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev tau siv dav hauv Suav teb. Vim kev siv loj ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev coj cov teeb meem ntawm cov pa phem thiab tus nqi siab. Hauv daim ntawv no, los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, cov tshuaj ntsuab thiab ua tau zoo naphthalene dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas nrog tus nqi qis thiab tsis muaj kuab paug yog siv los kawm txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov cement pob zeb nrog cov sib txawv naphthalene dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas ntau npaum li cas. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb no muab qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv theoretical thiab kev taw qhia rau kev siv cov tshuaj naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev tsim vaj tsev.

1 Muaj nuj nqi thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev
Qhov thib ob, tus neeg saib xyuas cov dej txo qis tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov cement pob zeb thiab txo cov kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev tsim kho; Thib peb, tus neeg saib xyuas cov dej tuaj yeem txo qis cov cement thiab dej hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov cement pob zeb thiab cov tshuab ntsuas ntsuas, kom txo cov nqi ntawm kev tsim kho.
Ob qhov kawg ntawm cov qauv molecular ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog hydrophilic kawg thiab hydrophobic kawg, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev siv, hydrophilic kawg ntsiab lus rau dej, thaum lub hydrophobic kawg ntsiab lus rau cov roj los yog khoom interface, yog li nws yuav txo tau lub interfacial zog. nruab nrab ntawm dej, roj theem thiab cov khoom theem, thiaj li ua tiav cov nyhuv ntawm dispersion. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem cement pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke, thaum cov dej ntxiv rau cov cement, cov cement yuav tam sim ntawd tsim cov qauv flocculent, uas muaj dej ntau; Yog tias tus neeg sawv cev txo qis dej ntxiv, ntawm ib sab, tus neeg sawv cev yuav txuas rau saum npoo ntawm cov cement hais, thaiv qhov kev sib cuag ntawm cov cement hais thiab dej, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, hydrophilic kawg ntawm tus neeg sawv cev. yuav adsorb ib tug npaum li cas ntawm cov dej molecules, uas yuav ua si ib tug lubricating nyhuv ntawm cov cement hais, ua rau nws yooj yim rau disperse; lub hydrophilic kawg taw tes rau dej, thaum lub hydrophobic kawg taw tes rau cov pa roj los yog khoom interface. Ntawm qhov tod tes, hydrophilic kawg ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yuav adsorb qee qhov dej molecules, uas tuaj yeem lubricate cov cement hais thiab ua rau lawv yooj yim dua dispersed; pawg hydrophilic tsis zoo, thiab tom qab adsorbed rau saum npoo ntawm cov cement hais, cov cement particles kuj yuav raug nqi tsis zoo nrog tib tus nqi, uas yuav sib cais sib cais thiab ua rau cov cement hais ntau dispersed, txo cov dej, thiab txhim kho qhov fluidity ntawm pob zeb.

2 kuaj cov ntaub ntawv raw
2.1 Cement
Lub zog qib thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov cement yog ncaj qha ntsig txog kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb. Qhov kev sim no siv 32.5R cement uas tsim los ntawm Oriental Hope Chongqing Cement Co., Ltd. cement index: qib 32.5MPa, pib lub sijhawm teem sijhawm 253min, lub sijhawm teem sijhawm kawg 289min, tus qauv sib xws 28.2%, ntim ruaj khov yog tsim nyog, thaj tsam tshwj xeeb 352m2 /kg, 3d flexural zog 6.4MPa, 28d flexural zog 8.7MPa, 3d compressive zog 29.6MPa, 28d compressive zog 50.2MPa, tag nrho raws li cov specification yuav tsum tau.
2.2 Fly tshauv
Ntxiv cov tshauv ya mus rau hauv cov cement pob zeb txo cov cement thiab txhim kho tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm pob zeb. Cov yoov tshauv siv hauv qhov kev sim no yog muab los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam ntawm Tuam Tshoj Railway 16 Bureau Material Trading Co., Ltd. thiab nws cov Performance indexes: fineness (45μm square qhov sieve residue) ntawm 16.5%, noo noo cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0 .28%, dej thov piv ntawm 103%, poob ntawm kev kub hnyiab ntawm 3.21%, 28d kev ua index ntawm 75%, uas yog tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv raws li cov specification yuav tsum tau.
2.3 Sib
Kev sib sau ua ke hauv cov cement pob zeb suav nrog cov sib sau ua ke zoo thiab sib sau ua ke, ntxhib sib sau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub cev pob txha, nplua aggregate plays lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev sau, qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov nyiaj aggregate rau 7{{10}}}% ntawm pob zeb, yog li cov cov ntsuas ntawm cov aggregate cuam tshuam rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev thiab lub zog. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev xeem no, cov nplua aggregate yog nruab nrab xuab zeb nrog fineness modulus ntawm 2.58, bulk ntom ntawm 1468kg / m3, av nkos ntsiab lus ntawm 1.23%, thiab tag nrho cov indexes ntawm nplua aggregate raws li cov kev cai ntawm tam sim no specifications. Coarse aggregate adopts mechanically crushed limestone crushed pob zeb, qhov siab tshaj plaws particle loj ntawm 23mm, koob, flake ntsiab lus ntawm 2.9%, av nkos ntsiab lus ntawm 0.15%, noo noo ntsiab lus ntawm 0.15%, crushing index ntawm 6.5%, pom meej ntom ntawm 2734kg / m3, tej Qhov ceev ntawm 1780kg / m3, qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua ke kom ua tau raws li cov lus qhia tam sim no thiab cov kev xav tau.
2.4 Dej txo tus neeg sawv cev thiab sib tov dej
Qhov kev sim no siv cov naphthalene siab ua dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas los ntawm Shanghai Yunzhe New Material Co., Ltd. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej no txo ​​tus neeg sawv cev yog sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj corrosive, yooj yim soluble hauv dej. thiab nrog ruaj khov physicochemical zog. Cov ntsuas kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb: 90% ntawm cov hmoov, pH tus nqi ntawm 7 txog 9, sodium sulfate cov ntsiab lus ntawm 15% mus rau 20%, qhov ntws ntawm cov cement mortar yog 240mm.
Cov dej siv hauv cov txheej txheem sim yog cov dej hauv tsev ntawm Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County hauv Chongqing Cheeb Tsam, thiab tag nrho nws cov indexes ua tau raws li tus qauv ntawm "Concrete Water Standard" JGJ63-2006.

Tom qab ntxiv qee tus nqi ntawm naphthalene dej-txo tus neeg sawv cev, cov dej-cement piv ntawm cov pob zeb pom qhov txo qis, tab sis cov pob zeb ua kom pom kev nce ntxiv hauv cov qauv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov cement pob zeb los ntawm 3d mus rau 7th d. nyob rau hauv tus nqi qis dua, thiab lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb los ntawm 14th d mus rau 60th d nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog lub zog ntawm yav dhau los 7 d tau txhim kho zoo heev, yog li nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias naphthalene dej-txo tus neeg saib xyuas ua si loj dua. Lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb los ntawm 7d Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev ua lub luag haujlwm ntau dua hauv kev tsim lub zog ntawm pob zeb los ntawm 7th d mus rau 14th d, uas qhia tau hais tias cov dej txo. tus neeg sawv cev muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau lub zog ntawm pob zeb hauv lub sijhawm tom qab tshaj li lub sijhawm dhau los. Piv nrog rau cov kev sim pab pawg uas tsis tau ntxiv cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb hauv txhua theem muaj qhov nce ntxiv tom qab ntxiv cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub hnub nyoog 60d ntawm cov pob zeb muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, thiab nws lub zog nce los ntawm txog 15MPa.
Thaum qhov ntau ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog los ntawm 1.6% mus rau 1.8%, lub zog compressive ntawm pob zeb ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog nce ceev tshaj plaws. Rau 28d compressive zog nkhaus xav tau los ntawm cov qauv kev qhia tshwj xeeb, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias piv nrog lub zog ntawm cov qauv pob zeb tsis muaj dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb tau nce los ntawm 10MPa thaum 1.6% ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev ntxiv, thiab Lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb tau nce los ntawm 12MPa thaum 1.8% ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev tau ntxiv, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua pov thawj tias qhov sib ntxiv ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem txo cov dej haus ib chav tsev ntawm cov cement thiab pob zeb, thiab ua kom muaj zog compressive. ntawm pob zeb, tab sis kuj nce lub zog compressive ntawm pob zeb. ua kom lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog ntau dua, tab sis thaum noj cov tshuaj naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev ntau dua 1.8%, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb ua tau qeeb qeeb, thiab lub zog compressive ntawm 3d qhia tias xoom kev loj hlob. Kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev ua kom muaj zog, nws raug pom zoo tias qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog 1.6% mus rau 1.8% ntawm tag nrho cov hmoov hmoov.
3.2 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev noj rau kev tsim kho
Raws li cov qauv kev faib ua feem nyob rau hauv Table 1, lub sij hawm pib lub sij hawm, qhov kawg teem sij hawm, slump thiab lwm yam kev taw qhia ntawm cov pob zeb uas sib txawv dej txo tus neeg sawv cev npaum li cas tau txiav txim raws li "Standard Test Methods for Properties of Ordinary Concrete Mixes".
 

Nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb sib xyaw nrog naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, cov cement pob zeb thawj zaug thiab lub sijhawm teem sijhawm kawg tau txhim kho zoo heev, thiab nrog rau qhov nce ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, lub sijhawm teeb tsa tau maj mam txhim kho, tus nqi ntawm kev txhim kho thawj zaug sai sai thiab tom qab ntawd. qeeb, thiab thaum kawg leveled. Yog li ntxiv cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem yog rau cov cement pob zeb thauj thiab paving lub sijhawm, tab sis qhov sib ntxiv tsis yog qhov ntau qhov zoo, ntawm ib sab, ntxiv ntau dhau los ua rau lub sijhawm teem sijhawm kawg yog ntev dhau lawm, tsis yog qhov zoo rau kev tsim cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog, txhim kho kev tsim cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog vim qhov kev puas tsuaj qeeb ntawm qhov ua tau ntawm cov khoom ib puag ncig sab nraud, ntawm qhov tod tes, nce tus nqi ntawm kev tsim kho.

Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, qhov slump ntawm pob zeb ua ntej nce thiab tom qab ntawd txo qis, thaum qhov ntau npaum li cas yuav muaj qhov tshwm sim loj heev thiab kev sib cais. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov qauv ua vaj tse tau zoo dua thiab zoo dua. Cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev ntau npaum li cas ntawm 1.6% thiab 1.8%, thiab cov dej tuav ntawm cov pob zeb zoo dua.

Hauv kev xaus, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias ntau npaum li cas ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim kho yooj yim ntawm cov cement pob zeb nyob rau hauv qee qhov ntau, yog li nws tau pom zoo tias qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog 1.6% mus rau 1.8% ntawm tag nrho pawg. ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab.
4 Kev xaus
(1) Ob qhov kawg ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev molecule yog hydrophilic thiab hydrophobic, thiab cov hydrophilic kawg ntawm tus neeg sawv cev raug coj mus rau dej, thaum lub hydrophobic kawg ntawm tus neeg sawv cev yog qhia rau cov roj los yog cov khoom sib txuas, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov interfacial zog ntawm cov dej thiab cov roj theem thiab cov khoom theem, thiaj li mus cuag cov nyhuv ntawm dispersion.
(2) Lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm dej-txo tus neeg saib xyuas lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb yog los ntawm 7 mus rau 14 d. Piv nrog rau cov pob zeb tsis muaj dej-txo tus neeg sawv cev, nws 60d compressive zog tau nce li ntawm 15MPa.
(3) Comprehensive cement qhob compressive zog, dej-cement piv, thawj zaug teeb tsa, lub sij hawm teem zaum kawg thiab kev lag luam raug pom zoo rau naphthalene dej-txo tus neeg saib xyuas ntau npaum li cas ntawm 1.6% mus rau 1.8% ntawm tag nrho cov hmoov hmoov.