Kev tsom xam dav ntawm qhob tshuab

Daim Ntawv Thov Kev Sau Npe ntawm Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv

1. Lub zog thaum ntxov lub zog cov tshuaj pleev tus neeg sawv cev

Thaum qhov qis tshaj plaws kub tsis tshaj {{{0}}} qib ua rau lub sijhawm kub nyob rau hauv nyob twj ywm hauv nyob saud 0 degree. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tau nchuav rau ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj plaws, npog cov pob zeb txias tshaj plaws nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab yas thiab quav nyab tom qab siv cov kub sab hauv siab dua li qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov pob zeb ua kom ncav cuag lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm 3.5 MPa, tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj te. Yog li ntawd, thaum qhov ntsuas kub tsawg kawg yog saum toj no {5}} degree, tsuas yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thaum ntxov yuav tsum ua kom muaj zog nrawm.

Cov tshuaj pleev xim tsim zog thaum ntxov lub zog tsis xav tau ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Txo cov koob tshuaj tsis tsuas yog txhim kho kev lag luam ua tau zoo tab sis kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig lub txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua vaj tse.

2. Antifrower-Hom Antifleen

In areas where the average daily temperature is below {{0}} degree , even if the initial concrete temperature is relatively high at the time of pouring, the large internal and external temperature difference causes the concrete to quickly drop below 0 degree , even with simple covering. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov antiflepen tus neeg sawv cev yog kom ntseeg tau tias cov pob zeb ua kom muaj qee theem ntawm subzero kub tom qab pouring. Nyob rau hauv xws li kub tsawg, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los tswj cov qhob ua kua rau hauv cov pob zeb kom tau txais kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Frost Expansion.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tsim los txo cov point khov ntawm cov kua theem. Txhawm rau khaws cov kua dej txaus ntawm cov ntu teev tseg ntawm cov ntu ntawm cov feem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Cov feem sib txawv sib txawv raws li qhov ntsuas kub uas yuav tsum tau; qhov ntsuas kub qis dua, ntau dua qhov ntau dua.

3. Kev sib xyaw ua ke rau tus neeg sawv cev

Composite cov tshuaj pleev cov kab ke sawv cev feem ntau muajLub Zog Txheej Txheem, Dej txo cov dej sib xyaw ua ke, huab cua-enraining Cheebtsam, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.

(1) Lub zog thaum ntxov

Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub zog tiv thaiv thaum ntxov yog kom sai tau coj qhob rau lossis siab dua nws cov nplooj ua lub zog tseem ceeb. Cov neeg sawv cev ntxov ua kom muaj zogsodium sulfate, calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium nitrite, thiab triethanolamineCov. Rau kev siv ua vaj tse, kom tiv thaiv kev siv tshuab collorrosion, yuav tsum tau siv cov ntsev tsawg heev thaum ua kom lawv tsis txhawb kev xeb.

(2) Cov dej txo cov dej ntws

Dej-txo cov khoom siv feem ntauTxo cov dej kom tsawg hauv cov pob zeb ua, Li ntawd txo cov dej khov cov ntsiab lus hauv cov pob zeb khov thiab txhim kho nws cov khov kho. Cov dej-txo cov neeg sawv cev suav nrogCalcium Lignosulfonate, sodium Lignosulfonate, naphthalene-raws li cov dej siab ua dej reducers, metino sulfonate-raws superplasticizers.

(3) huab cua-entraining Cheebtsam

Cua-Entraining Cheebtsam qhia ntau tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom faib ua ke, ruaj khov, thiab kaw microbubbles thaum pob zeb sib xyaw. Cov npuas no ua haujlwm plaub lub luag haujlwm:

Txo cov dej xav tau, txuas ntxiv txo cov dej-xis mas piv.

Cushion thiab txo cov zog ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov dej khovSab hauv pob zeb ua, txo kom khov-thaws kev puas tsuaj.

Txhim Kho Cov Qhob Tsis Muaj Zog.

Thaiv Capillary Pores, txo cov dej dawb hauv lawv.

Huab Cua-Entraining Cheebtsam tuaj yeem yog huab cua-entraining reducers, xws liCalcium Lignosulfonate, sodium Lignosulfonate, thiab Naphthalene-raws li cov neeg rov qab, lossis cov huab cua-entraining cov neeg sawv cev zoo liRosin Thermopolers.

(4) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob

Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antifrrithais ib qho yogTxo cov dej khov ntawm cov dej dawb hauv cov dej ua hauv cov dej hauv subzero, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj cov dej khov kho kom khov, hloov kho cov khoom siv khov kho, hloov cov dej khov cov qauv siv lead uaCov. Qhov kev hloov pauv no ua rau cov muaj cov muaj iav ntau dua thiab tsim cov qauv xov tooj sib tw, yog li tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov qauv ua vaj tse.

Cov tshuaj pleev tes tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau xav tau aNtau duaCov. Xav Txog Kev Ua Haujlwm Tsis Ncaj Ncees ruaj khov, kev qhia ntawmpoov tshuaj (k⁺) thiab sodium (na⁺) ionsYuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg, uas yog tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab ke. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog loj hlob yog:
K₂CO₃> Cacl 11 NacL> Nano₂> Ca (No₃) ₂.

Xaiv cov tshuaj pleev cov tshuaj pleev ib ce

Lub pob zeb txias: Hauv qhov no tsuas yog rau cov dej sib xyaw, txhua tus neeg sib xyaw ua ke yog tsis tu ncua, thiab tsis muaj kev muaj rwb thaiv tsev thermal yog siv tom qab pouring. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov kua roj supcooled tseem nyob hauv cov sib tov, tso cai rau cov dej haus kom txuas ntxiv ntawm subzero kub.

Subzero Qhov Kub Kub: Hauv qhov xwm txheej no,xuab zeb, gravel, thiab sib xyaw dej yog rhuab, thiab rwb thaiv tsev thermal thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kom sov yog ua tiav thaum lub sijhawm kho cov txheej txheem.

Tsawg-kub ua lub zog: Hauv cov chaw mob khaub thuas lossis cov subzero (ncig 0 degree),Tsuas yog cov dej sib xyaw yog rhaub, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tshav kub kom siv los khaws cov pob zeb ua kom khov ua kom khov thiab ua rau muaj zog.

RauLub pob zeb txiasthiabSubzero Qhov Kub Kub, txoj haujlwm ntawm cov antiflepen tus neeg sawv cev yog kom qis dua qhov taw tes ntawm cov kua ua kua hauv cov sib tov, kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua kom xis nyob hauv qab subzero. Txij liSubzero Qhov Kub Kubkev sivPreheated cov ntaub ntawv thiab rwb thaiv tsev thermalTxhawm rau tswj hwm qhov kub siab dua, nws yuav tsum tauTsawg antifrotras tus neeg sawv cev ntau dua cov pob zeb txias. Tsawg-kub ua lub zogtsuas yog xav tau kev sib ntxiv ntawmNtxov muaj zog tsim tawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev yuav tsum tau ua

Raws liKev tswj hwm kev tsim kho lub caij ntuj no rau kev tsim tsev engineering (jgj / t 104-2011):

Thaum qhov qis qis tshaj plaws kub tsis poob qis dua-15 degree, cov qhob zog zog yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dua4. {{{}} Mpa mpa.

Thaum qhov qis qis tshaj plaws kub tsis poob qis dua-30 degree, cov qhob zog zog yuav tsum tsis txhob tsawg dua5. 0 mpa.