Qhov kev daws ntawm kev yoog raws li kev hloov kho rau ntau txoj kev cai ywj siab

Tuam Tshoj yog ib qho kev tsim nyog rau cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam nrog ntau cov tuam ntxhab thiab ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom siv. Qhov nyuaj ntawm CAs ntxhia cov khoom siv, nrog rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm Insixtures thaum siv ntau hom Maas. Qhov teeb meem sib txawv ntawm Inmixtures thiab cov cai sib txawv tau ntev tau qhov kev twv xyuas kev tsim kho. Raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab cov lus tshawb fawb, cov ntawv tshawb nrhiav kev daws teeb meem rau kev sib xyaw ntawm Scasientures thiab ntau hom kev hloov tshiab.

1. High-alkali cement

Lub soluble alkali cov ntsiab lus hauv cov cement, feem ntau qhia raws li Na₂o sib npaug, feem ntau los ntawm cov av nplaum thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke. Ib qho kev ntsuas me me ntawm soluble alkali txhawb txoj kev haus dej xisas thiab ua rau muaj kev txhim kho thaum ntxov ntawm cov pob zeb. Kev ntsuam xyuas tau qhia tias cov fluas ntawm cov cement muab nce nrog cov ntsiab lus alkali, tab sis dhau ntawm qee qib alkali tshwm sim, ua rau muaj qhov zuj zus hauv fellity. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov dej-txo cov admixtures ploj, thiab swb swb nrawm thaum lub sijhawm nqus dej.

Ua rau ntawm cov tsis zoo:
Lub High Alkali cov ntsiab lus nrawm nrawm nrawm ntawm Tricalcium aluminate (C3A), tsim cov khoom siv (aft) Txawm li cas los xij, thaum Alkali cov ntsiab lus yog ntau dhau, ntau ntau ntawm AFT daim ntawv ua ntej, txo cov fluebity thiab nce cov khoom poob. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig, cov dej txo cov dej tsis zoo nrog cov alkali ua kom zoo nkauj, cov cim los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig dej txo qis, poob qis.

Kev daws:

Kev siv cov dej ntws ntau-sulfate reducers:

High-alkali xis mas muaj ntau tshaj nrog dej reducers muaj siab sulfate qib, xws liTsawg-siab txog Naphentalalene Dej Reducers(nrog txog 20% ​​sodium sulfate) lossisCov dej siab-siab ntawm cov dej uas muaj hluav taws xob(nrog dhau 30% sodium sulfate).

Cov roj av uas muaj roj sulfate ntau ua rau cov soluble so thaum synthesis, uas yaj tau sai sai hauv dej, ua ntej Gypsum Dissolves. Qhov no tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm calcium aluminate hydrates uas txo qis fluidity thiab minimizes swb poob.

Zam kev acidic admixtures:

Cov pa roj acidic reducers (piv txwv li, lignosulfonate ua ke nrog cov kua qaub ua ke nrog cov kua qaub siab ua kom muaj cua sov, ua rau muaj kev poob sai sai thiab kev poob sai sai thiab kev poob sai sai.

Hloov chaw,Alkaline Retardersyuav tsum tau siv los tiv thaiv cov kev tsis zoo no.

2. Tsawg-alkali, sulfur-tsis muaj hmoov xis mas

Low-alkali Maas, txhais tau tias yog soluble alkali cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no}. 4%, yog ib txwm ua rau suluble alkalis muaj cov ntsev sulfate. Sulphur-muaj kev ywj siab yog feem ntau tsawg dua li cov dej txo qis, ua rau muaj kev tsis zoo. Nce cov tshuaj rosage dej yuav ua rau muaj ntshav ntau me ntsis tab sis feem ntau ua rau muaj ntshav ntau dhau, tsis zoo rau homogeneity, thiab poob nrawm. Txawm tias doubling retarder noj muaj cov nyhuv me me.

Ua rau ntawm cov tsis zoo:

Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb yogtsis muaj so₃, uas tsis ua rau inhibit cov hydration ceev ceev ntawm c3a. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, c3A sai sai cov dej reducer, txo nws cov nyhuv yas.

Kev daws:

Qhov ntsuas tau zoo tshaj plaws yogntxiv soluble alkalis (sulfates)Txhawm rau tswj cov dej ntawm C3A.

Nce retarder noj ib leeg yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Hloov chaw, sivHigh-sulfate dej reducerslossis ntxivGypsum-based CheebtsamTxhawm rau muab cov khoom kom txaus, uas pab tswj C3A hydration thiab tiv thaiv kom nrawm nrawm.

3. Siab C3A Cov Ntsiab Lus Maas

Maas tsuas yog siv C3S (tricalcium silicate), c2s (dicalcium silicate), c4af (tetracalcerrite). Ntawm cov no, C3A muaj qhov muaj peev xwm tshaj tawm zoo tshaj plaws rau dej-txo cov lus admixtures, tom qab los ntawm c4af, C3s, thiab C2S. Thaum cov ntsiab lus C3A tshaj li 8%, nws tseem nce adsorption ntawm cov dej txo qis, ua kom txo qis fluidity ploj.

Ua rau ntawm cov tsis zoo:

Ntau dhau C3A adsorbs sai tau reducers, tawm hauv cov tsis txaus admixture kom disperse c3s thiab C2s, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm fluidity.

Kev daws:

Ntxiv rau S₃:Siv cov dej ntws ntau-sulfate los muab cov dej so, uas yooj yim nrog C3A rau AFT, tiv thaiv kom ntau dhau ntawm cov dej ntws tawm.

Siv hydroxycarboxylate retarders:Cov retarders zoo rau C3A adsorption thiab dej qeeb. Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv, polyol-raws retarders tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Ua kom tus nqi qis tus nqi dej txo qis:Siv cov roj reducense uas pheej yig dua tuaj yeem ua rau cov chaw c3a adsorption, tawm txaus admixture los txhim kho C3S dispersion. Txoj hauv kev no yog cov nqi-ua tau zoo thiab txhim kho kev sib raug zoo yam tsis muaj nqi ntau yam.

4. Maas nrog cov ntsiab lus sib xyaw cov ntsiab lus

Suav MAAs cov qauv kev cai pub rau cov khoom siv sib xyaw loj xws li ya tshauv, volcanic tshauv, slag, thiab avalestone. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv hauv kev ua si, dej xav tau, cov pob zeb hauv av, thiab adsorption tus cwj pwm, tag nrho cov uas cuam tshuam tau nrog ignyures.

Cuam tshuam cov khoom siv sib xyaw:

Fly tshauv:

High-zoo ya cov hmoov tshauv yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm siab (nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov nquag sio₂ thiab al₂o₃), qis poob ntawm ignition (Loi), thiab zoo hais nrog kev thov dej qis.

Tuspoob rau ignition (Loi), uas qhia tau unburned cov ntsiab lus carbon, muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib xws.

Muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon siabNyob rau hauv cov noog tshauv txo cov pa roj carbon ntau vim tias cov pa roj carbon ntau dua cov pa roj, adsorbs dej thiab admixtures, thiab cuam tshuam fluidity. Ib qho ntxiv, cov duab roj carbon tuaj yeem tsim hydrophwas cov yeeb yaj kiab uas cuam tshuam rau cov dej nkag mus, txo cov yoov Ashe ashedity thiab loj hlob los ntshav thiab shrinkage.

Kev daws rau high-sii ya tshauv:

Nce dej Reducer noj:Them nyiaj rau cov admixture poob vim yog cov carbon adsorption.

Ntxiv cov cua zoo cua-entraining cov neeg sawv cev:Lub microbubles txo cov adsorption ntawm tus admixture thiab txhim kho qhob ua hauj lwm.

SLAG Maas:

Cov nplua nuj nyob rau Aluminates, cem cement yuav tsum muaj ntau gypsum ntxiv rau kev tswj kev tsim nyog. Thaum tsim tau siv cov khoom siv Portland txoj cai,Sulphur tsis txausyog ib txwm muaj, ua rau nws tsis zoo nrog cov dej reducers liquucers liquucers.

Daws rau shag xis mas:

Kev sivHigh-sulfate dej reducersTxhawm rau ntxiv cov oo thiab txhim kho compatibility.

NtxivCov Khoom Siv Cua Zoo-Entraining Cov Neeg Sawv Cev, raws li microbubbles txo cov adsorption adsorption ntawm dej reducers.

Nce dej reducer noj tshuajKev tsim nyog los them nyiaj rau lub peev xwm siab ntawm slag.

Tag

Qhov sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj nrog ntau hom kev hloov pauv yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev ua vaj tse. Kev sib xyaw tsis zoo feem ntau tshwm sim hauv kev txo qis hauv qab, nce cov khoom poob qis, thiab ua kom tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo suav nrog:

High-alkali Maas:Siv cov dej ntws ntau-sulfate thiab zam kom zam cov acidic admixtures.

Tsawg-alkali, leej faj-tsis muaj kev ywj pheej cement:Ntxiv rau ₃ thiab siv cov dej ntws siab-sulfate reducers.

Siab c3a Meas:Siv Hydroxycarboxylate retarders, high-sulfate dej reducers, lossis nce cov roj dej tsawg tus nqi roj.

Cement nrog cov ntsiab lus zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus:Kho cov dej Reducer noj thiab ntxiv cov huab cua-entraining cov neeg sawv cev kom txo cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm high cov hmoov av tshauv lossis leej faj-sulgur.

Los ntawm kev nkag siab thiab hais txog cov kev sib haum xeeb no, ua kom zoo dua admixture ua tau zoo thiab ua kom zoo dua engineering kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab raug nqi.