Xya qhov kev nkag siab yuam kev ntawm Polycarboxylic Superplasticizers

1. Dej txo tus nqi hloov pauv, nyuaj rau kev tswj ntawm qhov chaw

Cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm rau polycarboxylic superplasticizers feem ntau hais txog lawv cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm cov dej-txo, thov cov dej txo qis ntawm 35% lossis txawm tias 40%. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txo qis no tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv kev sim ntsuas, lawv feem ntau poob qis ntawm qhov chaw tsim kho, nrog qee qhov piv txwv qhia qhov txo qis dua 20%. Qhov tseeb, lo lus "dej txo tus nqi" muaj lub ntsiab lus nruj heev: nws yog hais txog cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas thaum siv cov qauv cement, ib qho kev sib xyaw tshwj xeeb, thiab qee cov txheej txheem sib xyaw, nrog rau cov pob zeb sib tsoo ntawm (80 ± 10) hli. , raws li tus qauv GB8076 rau "Concrete Admixtures." Txawm li cas los xij, lo lus no feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntsiab lus los piav qhia txog kev txo cov dej ntawm cov khoom, uas feem ntau ua rau kev nkag siab yuam kev.

Polycarboxylic superplasticizers muaj pov thawj los muab cov dej txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj qis, nrog rau cov dej txo qis dua li lwm hom superplasticizers. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov dej txo cov nyhuv ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers yog qhov cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sim. Ua ntej, cov dej txo cov nyhuv ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo heev los ntawm hom thiab tus nqi ntawm cov cement siv hauv pob zeb. Piv txwv li, thaum cov ntsiab lus cement yog 330kg / m³, 350kg / m³, 380kg / m³, thiab 420kg / m³ hauv tib qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, cov dej txo qis tau pom tias yog 18%, 22%, 28%, thiab 35%, raws. Kev siv ntau hom cement tuaj yeem ua rau 10% qhov sib txawv ntawm cov dej txo qis.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum cov xuab zeb muaj cov av nplaum ntau, cov dej txo tus nqi ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers txo qis. Thaum naphthalene-raws li superplasticizers feem ntau tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev nce ntau npaum li cas, polycarboxylic superplasticizers qhia kev txhim kho tsawg txawm tias muaj ntau npaum li cas. Feem ntau, cov pob zeb tseem ua tsis tau raws li qhov xav tau, thiab qhov sib tov pib los ntshav. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog txo cov av nplaum hauv cov xuab zeb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, zoo li lwm cov superplasticizers, cov dej txo tus nqi ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers kuj cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib tov. Yog tias siv phau ntawv sib xyaw, qhov ntsuas dej txo qis feem ntau yog 2-4 feem pua ​​​​cov ntsiab lus qis dua thaum siv cov khoom sib xyaw. Thaum cov khoom siv ntxiv ntxiv rau qhov sib tov, cov dej txo qis kuj nyob ntawm hom thiab ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Rau ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv, polycarboxylic superplasticizers ua tau zoo dua li naphthalene-based superplasticizers.

2. Kev siv tshuaj ntxiv ntawm Superplasticizer txhim kho cov dej txo qis

Txhawm rau npaj cov pob zeb ua kom muaj zog thiab txo cov dej-cement piv, cov kws ua haujlwm feem ntau nce cov khoom siv ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers, cia siab tias yuav ua tau zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov dej txo cov nyhuv ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers yog nyob ntawm ntau npaum li cas. Feem ntau, raws li qhov ntau npaum li cas, cov dej txo tus nqi zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, dhau ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas, cov dej txo cov nyhuv yuav txo qis. Qhov no tsis yog vim hais tias lub superplasticizer poob nws lub peev xwm txo dej, tab sis vim tias ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav loj hauv cov pob zeb, ua rau tsis zoo sib xws, uas qhov kev ntsuas poob qis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo.

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom lag luam polycarboxylic superplasticizer dhau qhov kev xeem zoo, qhov ntau npaum li cas siv hauv kev sim tsis tuaj yeem siab dhau. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv cov khoom zoo soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog cuam tshuam cov nuj nqis yooj yim, thaum lub sij hawm tiag tiag kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv engineering daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tau mus xyuas nrog rau ntawm qhov chaw soj ntsuam.

3. Mob ntshav siab hauv pob zeb ua los ntawm Polycarboxylic Superplasticizers

Cov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo feem ntau siv los ntsuas cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke muaj xws li flowability, cohesion, thiab dej tuav. Cov pob zeb ua nrog polycarboxylic superplasticizers tsis tas yuav ua tau raws li cov qauv xav tau thiab feem ntau ntsib teeb meem xws li los ntshav hnyav lossis kev sib cais. Qee zaum, cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke nrog polycarboxylic superplasticizers qhia tau tias muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau cov dej ntxiv.

Txawm tias tsuas yog ntxiv 1-3kg / m³ dej tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav hnyav, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej tsis sib xws thiab ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li honeycombing, xuab zeb hnab ris, thiab qhov, nrog rau txo lub zog thiab kav ntev. Npaj-sib xyaw cov nroj tsuag feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej noo kom raug, ua rau cov dej ntau ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, uas ua rau cov ntshav ntau dua thiab cov teeb meem sib cais.

4. High-Flow Concrete yog Prone rau Segregation

Feem ntau, cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke nrog cov dej ntws siab ua nrog polycarboxylic superplasticizers yog qhov yooj yim rau kev sib cais, txawm tias qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm superplasticizer thiab dej cov ntsiab lus yog tswj tau zoo. Lub pob zeb yuav muaj kev daws teeb meem ntawm coarse aggregates thiab nce ntawm mortar los yog muab tshuaj txhuam thaum muab tso rau. Qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim txawm tias tsis muaj kev vibration yog siv thaum lub sij hawm pouring txheej txheem.

Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog hais tias thaum polycarboxylic superplasticizers siv nyob rau hauv high-flow pob zeb, lub viscosity ntawm paste txo sharply. Ntxiv cov tshuaj thickening tuaj yeem pab rau qee qhov tab sis feem ntau ua rau txo cov dej-txo cov nyhuv, uas yog qhov tsis zoo.

5. Tsis muaj Synergistic nyhuv thaum ua ke nrog rau lwm yam superplasticizers

Yav dhau los, nws yog ib qho kev xyaum los hloov ib hom superplasticizer nrog rau lwm yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib xyaw ua tau zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev sim. Txawm li cas los xij, txij li kev qhia txog polycarboxylic superplasticizers, qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv, thiab qee qhov teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg tau tshwm sim. Qee zaum, txawm tias tom qab ntxiv dej ntau, cov pob zeb sib xyaw tseem qhuav thiab tawv; Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, qhov poob qis yog nrawm dua nrog cov tshuaj superplasticizers, lossis cov pob zeb sib xyaw tseem tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tawm. Kev ntsuam xyuas lub zog ntawm cov qauv ua vaj tse feem ntau pom cov txiaj ntsig uas xav tsis thoob.

Peb paub tias cov khoom siv superplasticizers xws li lignosulfonate-based, naphthalene-based, melamine-based, thiab fatty acid-based superplasticizers tuaj yeem sib xyaw hauv txhua qhov sib piv kom tau raws li qhov tshwj xeeb xav tau ntawm cov haujlwm sib txawv lossis kom ua tiav cov nqi zoo dua. Cov superplasticizers no feem ntau pom muaj kev sib koom ua ke (uas feem ntau zoo dua li kev siv ib zaug), thiab lawv cov kev daws teeb meem yog kev sib koom ua ke (tshwj tsis yog cov nag lossis daus uas tshwm sim thaum sib xyaw lignosulfonate thiab naphthalene-based superplasticizers, uas tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm). Txawm li cas los xij, thaum polycarboxylic superplasticizers tov nrog lwm hom superplasticizers, lawv tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke, thiab cov kev daws teeb meem polycarboxylic superplasticizer muaj qhov tsis zoo nrog lwm hom superplasticizers.

6. Tsis muaj kev hloov pauv thaum ntxiv cov kev hloov pauv

Tam sim no, muaj kev tshawb fawb me me hauv kev hloov kho polycarboxylic superplasticizers. Feem ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tsom mus rau kev txhim kho lawv cov plasticizing thiab dej-txo cov teebmeem, es tsis yog tsim cov polycarboxylic superplasticizers uas yog customized rau txawv engineering xav tau kev pab, xws li kho rau retardation, huab cua entrainment, los yog viscosity. Kev sib txawv thiab tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov cement, cov khoom siv ntxiv, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov tswv yim engineering ua rau nws tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers los hloov kho thiab kho lawv cov khoom raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.

Tam sim no, feem ntau cov kev hloov kho rau superplasticizers yog raws li cov tswv yim siv los hloov cov tsoos superplasticizers xws li lignosulfonate-based thiab naphthalene-based. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev ntsuas no tsis tas yuav ua haujlwm rau polycarboxylic superplasticizers. Piv txwv li, sodium citrate, uas yog siv los ua retarder rau naphthalene-raws li superplasticizers, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau polycarboxylic superplasticizers, thiab tej zaum yuav txawm ceev qhov chaw. Ntxiv mus, ntau hom defoamers, cov neeg ua haujlwm huab cua, thiab cov thickeners tsis haum rau polycarboxylic superplasticizers. Muab cov qauv molecular tshwj xeeb ntawm polycarboxylic superplasticizers, kev hloov kho uas cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg tseem txwv, thiab xav tau kev tshawb fawb ntau ntxiv los tsim cov kev daws teeb meem zoo.

7. Kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam

Ob peb lub tuam txhab tsim cov pob zeb superplasticizers tuaj yeem suav tias yog cov tuam txhab tsim tshuaj zoo, vim tias feem ntau yog nyob rau theem pib tsim, tsuas yog sib xyaw cov khoom siv raw thiab ntim khoom. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom feem ntau raug txwv los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw. Rau polycarboxylic superplasticizers, qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab qhov zoo yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam.

Keeb kwm, cov khoom siv raw rau polycarboxylic superplasticizers tau tuaj ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb, tab sis tam sim no cov khoom siv raw hauv tsev tau raug siv, uas tau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv loj hauv cov khoom lag luam. Cov kev hloov pauv no cuam tshuam tsis yog cov nyhuv plasticizing nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem ua rau huab cua nkag, npuas qauv, retardation, slump tuav, thiab viscosity. Qee cov tuam txhab, hauv kev nrhiav cov txiaj ntsig ntau dua, hloov pauv cov ntsiab lus lossis cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv raw, ua rau subpar polycarboxylic superplasticizers dej nyab lub khw, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov neeg siv los xyuas kom meej cov khoom zoo.