Kev Taw Qhia Thiab Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas Dej Txias|Kev Ntsuas Thiab Kev Ntsuas

Kev taw qhia thiab kev ntsuas kev ntsuas dej txo qis|Kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kuaj

Cov txheej txheem hydration ntawm Portland cement feem ntau muab faib ua tsib theem: induction theem, induction lub sij hawm, acceleration lub sij hawm, deceleration lub sij hawm thiab stability lub sij hawm. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog qhov tseem ceeb los txuas ntxiv lub sijhawm induction ntawm cement hydration, feem ntau los ntawm kev ncua cov dej ntawm cov cement thiab dej kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm retardation.

Feem ntau ntawm cov dej txo cov neeg ua haujlwm yog cov anionic surfactants, tom qab tau muab tso rau hauv cov pob zeb, cov ions tsis zoo hauv cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev - SO42-,-COO- yuav adsorbed ntawm cov cement hais raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov zoo Ca 2+ ore ntawm cov cement hais, tsim cov ion faib ntawm cov diffusion ob txheej (Zeta muaj peev xwm), tsim cov ion faib ntawm cov diffusion ob txheej ntawm qhov chaw, kom cov cement hais dispersed nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm electrostatic repulsion thiab lub pob zeb yog fluidized. Qhov ntau dua tus nqi ntawm zeta muaj peev xwm, qhov zoo dua cov dej txo. 1. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev 1.1 Polyalkyl aryl sulfonate high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm naphthalene high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog tsim los ntawm sulfonation, hydrolysis, condensation thiab neutralization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm industrial naphthalene, concentrated sulfuric acid, formaldehyde thiab alkali. nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob tshwm sim.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, nws muab faib ua peb pawg: naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, methyl-naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, thiab anthracene hydrolytic txo tus neeg sawv cev. Ntawm lawv, naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev (tsuas yog B-naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate) siv cov naphthalene ua cov khoom siv hluavtaws tseem ceeb; Methyl naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev siv methyl naphthalene los yog ntxuav cov roj uas muaj methyl naphthalene ntau dua li cov khoom siv hluavtaws tseem ceeb; Anthracene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev siv cov roj anthracene ua cov khoom siv hluavtaws tseem ceeb.

Naphthalene dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas muaj zog yoog mus rau ntau yam ntawm cov cement, tov nrog 0.75% cement ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, tuaj yeem txuag cov cement noj 15 ~ 20%, naphthalene high efficiency dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas muaj muaj zog dispersion nyhuv ntawm cov cement, tuaj yeem nce qhov poob ntawm lub hauv paus pob zeb los ntawm 6 ~ 8cm mus rau 18 ~ 22cm, tab sis cov pob zeb poob qis sai dua, feem ntau 30 ~ 60min poob fluidity. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsim kho nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig xws li lub caij ntuj sov, nws cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm pob zeb.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm naphthalene high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog qhov ua haujlwm tsis zoo, uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov khoom siv rov qab (sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium citrate, sodium tartrate, sodium gluconate, sucrose) kom txo qis poob. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lignosulfonate kom tswj tau qee qib ntawm huab cua nkag thiab txo cov pob zeb poob.

Tus nqi ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm sulfate hauv cov cement sib koom ua ke cuam tshuam rau cov dej ntws ntawm cov cement slurry. Ntxiv rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm sulfate tuaj yeem txo cov dej kub ntawm cov cement, ncua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydration ntawm cov cement, txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm naphthalene dej txo tus neeg sawv cev nrog cov cement, thiab txo qhov poob ntawm lub sijhawm. Thaum muaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm naphthalene-raws li dej txo tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv cov cement slurry, cov nyhuv ntawm sulfate yog pom tseeb dua. Sulfonated melamine formaldehyde condensate, tseem hu ua dej-soluble melamine resin dej txo tus neeg sawv cev, muaj cov dej txo qis (dej txo qis dua 25%, me ntsis me dua naphthalene high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg saib xyuas), kev ua haujlwm zoo rau cov cement, tseem ceeb thaum ntxov muaj zog nyhuv, zoo chav kho adaptation, yeej tsis cuam tshuam cov yam ntxwv ntawm pob zeb teeb lub sij hawm thiab cov ntsiab lus roj.

Disadvantages: Lub slump poob nyob rau hauv pob zeb yog ceev ceev, thiab adaptability rau cement ntau yam yog tsis zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li cov nqi tsim khoom siab thiab nyuaj rau kev ua cov hmoov. Kev hloov kho tshuaj Kev siv ib feem ntawm urea es tsis txhob melamine los npaj cov dej ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov dej txo qis, yog li txo cov nqi. Kev hloov kho tshuaj muaj peb yam, xws li: (1) muaj zog oxidation ntawm hloov lignosulfonate, uas oxidizes pawg retarding (-OH) thiab ether daim ntawv cog lus (-O-) nyob rau hauv lub lignosulfonate rau ib pawg carboxyl (-COOH) uas tsis ntau qeeb. los teeb, yog li txo cov nyhuv retarding hauv lignosulfonate thiab txhim kho nws cov dispersion thiab ntau npaum li cas. (2) Superplasticizer yog npaj los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj pab pawg hauv cov lignin sulfonate molecule thiab co-polycondensation nrog formaldehyde, naphthalene sulfonate los yog melamine sulfonate. (3) Lignosulfonate yog grafted thiab copolymerized nrog lwm yam tshuaj los txhim kho daim ntawv thov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lignosulfonate.

1.2 Polycarboxylic acid-raws li high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev polycarboxylate tshuaj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb honeycomb molecular qauv. Hom dej txo tus neeg sawv cev no muaj cov ntsiab lus tsawg, cov dej txo qis txog li 30% ~ 40%, qhov poob qis me me, thiab kev hloov tau zoo nrog ntau hom cement thiab admixtures. Polycarboxylic acid dej txo cov neeg ua haujlwm feem ntau muab faib ua 2 pawg, ib qho yog maleic anhydride polyoxyethylene sulfonate: maleic anhydride raws li lub ntsiab txuas ceg ntawm txawv polyoxyethylene (EO) lossis polyoxypropylene (PO) ceg; Lwm hom acrylate acrylate: methacrylic acid ua lub ntsiab txuas ceg (EO) lossis (PO) ceg. Cov no suav nrog polycarboxylic acid thiab terminal sulfonic acid pawg polypolymers.

1.3 sulfamic acid high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev sulfamic acid-raws li high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog ib yam khoom ntawm condensation ntawm aminoaryl sulfonate, phenol thiab formaldehyde, nyob rau hauv uas phenolic tebchaw, xws li monophenols (xws li phenol), polyphenols (xws li resorcinol. , hydroquinone) los yog alkyl phenols (cresol, ethylphenol), bisphenol (bisphenol A, bisphenol S) los yog nucleophilic hloov derivatives ntawm cov tebchaw saum toj no. Formaldehyde kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm lwm cov aldehyde tebchaw lossis cov tebchaw uas tuaj yeem tsim cov aldehydes, xws li acetaldehyde, furfuraldehyde, paraformaldehyde, thiab lwm yam. 1.4 hmoov txhuv nplej siab cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qhov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev (OES dej txo tus neeg sawv cev) tom qab oxidative etherification ntawm hmoov txhuv nplej siab, uas muaj qhov zoo dispersion, zoo slump tuav, pom tseeb qeeb qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov cement slurry, thiab tsis cuam tshuam rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm dej tom qab, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ultra-qhib qhov chaw thiab cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev rau cov cement.

OES dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog ib qho anionic polymer surfactant, cov pab pawg tseem ceeb yog pawg carboxyl thiab muaj ether bonds thiab hydroxyl pawg. Hydroxycarboxyl pawg yog ib qho yooj yim tsim complexes nrog calcium ions nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cement hais nyob rau hauv alkaline xov xwm thiab tsim hydrogen bonds nrog lub cement nto los tiv thaiv hydration, uas muaj ib tug retarding nyhuv ntawm cement. 1.5 Composite multi-component high-efficiency dej txo tus neeg sawv cev 1.5.1 Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv slump retention yog kom txo qis kev poob qis thaum ntxov ntawm cov pob zeb sib tov, thiab nws cov kev faib tawm thiab cov yam ntxwv: ntoo calcium, qab zib calcium, molasses, haum rau luv luv. - kev thauj mus los deb; Hydroxycarboxylic acid thiab nws cov ntsev (xws li citric acid, calcium gluconate, thiab lwm yam), feem ntau tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov poob qis ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw tshiab hauv 1h, qhov tsis zoo yog qhov yooj yim ua rau kev sib cais ua ke, thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kev siv yog. tsis zoo;

Inorganic ntsev (xws li boric acid, ntau yam phosphates), qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws hloov nrog lub sijhawm thiab kub, thiab cov nyhuv retardation tsis ruaj khov. Reactive polymers (molecular lactones, anhydride pawg) ntawm cov saw molecular, dej-insoluble hmoov hais tsis tu ncua yaj thiab tso tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw alkaline, kom lawv cov concentration hauv cov cement slurry yog qhov tas li, yog li tiv thaiv kev poob qis. Cov huab cua nkag mus yog ib qho hydrophobic surfactant, uas yuav txuas rau saum npoo ntawm cov npuas me me uas tsim los ntawm kev sib tov thaum nplawm, kom cov kua zaj duab xis ntawm cov npuas yog ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nws thiab cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev yog tias qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov dej txo tus neeg sawv cev feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom, thaum lub tshuab cua nkag ua rau ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm cov roj thiab cov kua.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm entrainment yog: (1) rosin resin, xws li rosin thermopolymer thiab rosin xab npum; (2) Alkyl benzene sulfonate, xws li alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, thiab lwm yam; (3) fatty cawv sulfonates, xws li fatty cawv polyoxyethylene ether, fatty cawv sodium ethoxyethylene sulfonate, thiab lwm yam.; (4) Lwm yam: xws li cov ntsev ntsev, roj av sulfonates, thiab lwm yam. 2. Cov lus taw qhia 1 ntawm cov dej txo cov neeg sawv cev cov khoom tseem ceeb: Cov tsos: ntoo calcium, lignosulfonate, calcium xim av daj hmoov, AF, sodium polymethylanthracenesulfonate, dub xim av hmoov, FND2-naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, lub teeb daj hmoov, SM sulfonated melamine formaldehyde resin kua (40}%), HC-200K polycarboxylate lub teeb daj hmoov, AN30{ {20}}0 sulfamate kua (32% PA phenolic type high-efficiency water reduce agent light yellow powder 3. Reference formula of water reduce agent 3.1 Reference formula (concentrate) of lignosulfonate water reduce agent Cov ntsiab lus Cov ntsiab lus Cov lus piav qhia Sodium lignosulfonate 26. citrate 2.0-5.0% retarder sodium hydroxide 1.0-3.. 0% pH Adjuster pigment 0.02-0.10% ColorantPublished on