Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm superplastict thiab zoo tib yam superplasticizer

Tus neeg saib xyuas dej-txo tus neeg saib xyuas yog ib qho admixture uas txo tus nqi ntawm cov dej sib xyaw uas yuav tsum tau ua rau pob zeb uas ua kom muaj kev ua kom tiav. Tom qab tau ntxiv rau cov pob zeb ua ke, nws disperses cov caiasent hais tawm, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, txo cov dej kom zoo nkauj, thiab txhim kho cov dej kom zoo nkauj. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm cov xis mas siv, ua rau cov cement txuag.

Lub siab-effecticiency dej-txo tus neeg sawv cev, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus dej sib xyaw thaum ua kom cov pob zeb sib xyaw ua ke. Nws cov dej-txo tus nqi tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 20%, uas txo qis kev siv dej, yog li kev txhim kho cov qhob lub zog ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog.

2. Hom ntawm cov dej num uas muaj peev xwm txo cov dej num

Kev txo cov dej haus dej siab-txo cov dej num sib txawv los ntawm cov dej reducers dog dig hauv qhov lawv muaj cov dej txo qis thiab qis dua cua-enroting cov ntsiab lus. Cov khoom siv dej loj-efficyming cov neeg sawv cev tam sim no siv yog raws li hauv qab no:

Naphthalene-based dej txo tus neeg sawv cevNaphthalene-raws li cov neeg sawv cev dej siab-ua kom txo cov dej num tuaj yeem raug cais raws lawv sodium sulfate (na2s4) cov ntsiab lus hauv siab (na2o4 cov ntsiab lus<3%), medium-concentration products (Na2SO4 content 3%–10%), and low-concentration products (Na2SO4 content >10%). Naphthalene-based cov neeg sawv cev yog qhov feem ntau dav siv thiab tsim nyob rau hauv Suav teb, muaj npe rau ntau dua 70% txo cov dej uas muaj txo qis. Cov neeg sawv cev no ua rau muaj kev txo qis dej (15% -25%), tsis txhob siv cov pa, thiab tuaj yeem siv ua ke nrog ntau yam admixtures. Lawv kuj tseem pheej pheej pheej yig.

Melamine-based thiab hloov melamine-based dej txo tus neeg sawv cevCov no yog cov khoom tau muab los ntawm melamine ntawm melamine ua raws los ntawm kev ua kom hws nrog cov khoom siv melamine, uas yog cov khoom siv anionic surfactant. Cov roj dej reducers dawb yog hmoov dawb, thiab muab cov hmoov dej kom zoo, thiab cov khoom kho zoo heev.

Aminosulfonate-based dej txo tus neeg sawv cevAminosulfonate-raws li cov neeg sawv cev dej ntau-kev txo cov dej uas muaj zog ntawm P-Amenicenfonic accountronic, thiab formaldehyde nyob rau hauv acidic lossis alkaline tej yam kev mob. Lawv cov qauv molecular yog cov nyom, thiab cov monomers sib txawv ua rau cov qauv hluav taws xob sib txawv. Cov saw hlau tseem ceeb ntawm aminosulfonate cov neeg sawv cev muaj cov pab pawg phenyl thiab methylene, nrog cov pab pawg hydfhilation, amino, thiab hydroxyl pawg ua cov saw hlau.

Aliphaatic (aldehyde-ketone condensate) dej txo tus neeg sawv cevCov neeg ua dej haus dej loj-ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo-txo cov neeg sawv cev yog cov khoom siv los ntawm high-molecular sulfonated aldehyde tebchaw. Lawv hydrophobic lub saw hlau yog tsim ntawm cov aliphatic hydrocarbons, ua rau lawv haum rau ntau yam ntawm CEM thiab qhia kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua vaj tse. Cov sawv cev no tso tawm qis qis poob thiab tsis muaj sodium sulfate crystallization ntawm tsawg kub. Lawv tau dav siv nyob rau hauv cov neeg sawv cev, cov neeg sawv cev, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum ntxov, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv huab cua, thiab lwm tus neeg txo tus kheej. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua ke nrog naphthalene-raws li, aminosulfonate, thiab polycarboxylate dej reducers.

Anthracene-based reducing tus neeg sawv cevTsim los ntawm kev ua tsis taus los ntawm sulfacene los ntawm sulfaces, neutralization, cov omrization qhuav, cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj tsw qab, tsw tau, thiab pub dawb los ntawm chloride ions. Lawv muab cov dej txo qis-txo qis, cov cua qis, ua haujlwm zoo, thiab haum rau cov khoom sib xyaw nrog cov qib hauv C10 thiab C60.

Ntxuav cov dej ntws los ntxuav cov rojTus neeg sawv cev no yog tsim los ntawm Cokke cub ntxuav roj, ib hom khoom ntawm cov cooking thee, siv cov txheej txheem ntau yam ib yam li cov dej reducers. Cov khoom lag luam yog ib qho ntau lub nplhaib aromatic hydrocarbon sulfonate formaldehyde condensehyde condensate, nrog dej zoo ib yam li dej reducers. Nws yog tus nqi-roj-txo cov neeg sawv cev nrog cov khoom siv raw ntau, kev muab cov nqi muaj nuj nqis.

3. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab cov dej num tsis zoo

Ob qhov kev ua haujlwm siab thiab cov dej ntws-txo cov dej khov kho tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov pob zeb sib xyaw kom zoo, tab sis lawv txawv hauv ntau yam:

Dej txo tus nqi: Cov dej uas muaj kev txo dej kom txo tau muaj dej txo qis ntawm 5%, thaum cov neeg ua haujlwm txo qis dej los ntawm 12%, lossis ntau dua.

Kev Txhim Kho Kev Ua Haujlwm: Cov pa txwv dej loj-txo cov dej khov kho tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj cua ua ke lossis ua rau rov qab los. Lawv tso cai rau cov khoom siv high-ntws qhob nrog cov swb ntawm 25 cm lossis ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, siv dej dog dig dej-txo cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau ua rau poob qis ntawm 10 cm.

Dej-Cement piv thiab lub zog: Nyob rau hauv cov kev qias neeg sib xws, cov pa txo cov dej ua ke muaj peev xwm txo cov ntsiab lus dej sib tov thiab ua kom muaj zog ua kom zoo nkauj ua kom muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, lawv feem ntau yog siv rau kev npaj siab-zog, kev ua tau zoo qhob nrog txoj kev txo cov dej txo cov dej. Cov neeg sawv cev dej-txo cov neeg sawv cev, nrog lawv cov nqi dej qis-txo qis, yog siv rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam qis dua.

Tus nqi: Polycarboxylate high-efficievic dej-txo cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo dua thiab yog li tus nqi siab dua. Hauv kev sib piv, dej dog dig-txo cov neeg sawv cev muaj cov ntsiab lus qis dua thiab yog pheej yig dua.